Hello! : )
I fell a little weid to "subject". in this part "the state of being subject to death".
So could you please change this sentence into other expressions?
And would you use that word in daily life?

https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=mortality+meaning&hl=ja&tbas=0&source=lnt&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiKmqGulrfnAhWuyosBHR3qAtYQpwV6BAgNEBg&biw=1440&bih=730#spf=1580794489155

Question

Hello! : )
I fell a little weid to "subject". in this part "the state of being subject to death".
So could you please change this sentence into other expressions?
And would you use that word in daily life?


https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=mortality+meaning&hl=ja&tbas=0&source=lnt&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiKmqGulrfnAhWuyosBHR3qAtYQpwV6BAgNEBg&biw=1440&bih=730#spf=1580794489155

madeleinejane · Accepted Answer

"Subject" in this context means vulnerable to or suscetible to; able or likely to be affected by something. Mortality is, therefore, the state of being vulnerable to death - being able to die, basically.

"Subject" is used like this in everyday life somewhat frequently, but you're more likely to come across it in writing than in casual conversation.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Don't worry about it, I'm glad I could help! To answer your other questions:

"Subject" can mean "theme" or "topic", but only when it is used as a noun. In this case, "subject" is used as an adjective, so its meaning is completely different.

I would say "somewhat" is a bit more than "a little", but still a bit less than "a lot". It's in the middle. What I meant was that the word "subject" (as an adjective) is used sort of often in everyday life - it's not common, but it's not uncommon either. Sorry I wasn't clearer!

Here are some example sentences.
➡️Australia is often subject to long spells of hot weather.
➡️Because of his poor diet, he became subject to illnesses like the common cold.
➡️She worked hard to earn money for her children so they wouldn't be subject to the same experiences she faced growing up.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 No, "subject" doesn't mean "often" - it means 受けやすい. Sorry I didn't think to use the Japanese word before, it probably would have made the meaning much easier to understand!

➡️Australia is often subject to long spells of hot weather = Australia is prone to experiencing hot weather for long periods of time = 暑い天気を受けやすい

➡️ He became subject to illnesses like the common cold = he made himself more likely to be affected by colds and other common illnesses = 風邪を受けやすい

➡️ They wouldn't be subject to the same experiences she faced growing up = her children would not be vulnerable to bad experiences because their circumstances would be better = 悪い経験を受けやすくない

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Thank you for correcting me! I'm glad you can understand the meaning of "subject" now. And of course, we can be friends (^o^) 私はマデリンで、　オーストラリアから来ました。　三年間ぐらい日本語を勉強しています。

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 よろしくね！
英語のスペリングはMadeleineです。　フランス語の名前だから、　ちょっと変なスペリングですね。　そして、　私は高校生ですよ。

I used "now" in the sentence above to mean 今, as in "this current moment (after I finished explaining it to you)". So, when I said "I'm glad you understand now" I meant あなたは今分かっていて良かった.
In English, もう is usually translated as "already".
もう終わり？ = It's the end already?
Whereas
今は終わり？= Is it the end now?

この場合、　How about in English?の方がいいです。

As I understand it, なんだか is sometimes used in the same way as "kind of", but not always. It's like もう and "now" - in some cases, they mean the same, but もう and なんだか can also have different meanings that don't translate as "now"/"kind of". 
In English, "kind of" always means ちょっと/少し. For example:
➡️It kind of looks like a face.
➡️I can kind of understand this.
➡️The cake was kind of tasty.
"Kind of" is a casual expression, so you don't use it in formal writing/situations. People often say "kinda" in informal conversations to sound more casual.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Ok, thank you! So what are the differences between もう and 今 in Japanese? What are some other situations where you would translate "now" as もう rather than 今?

Yes, "somewhat" is a more formal way of saying "kind of". You can also say "a little", "a bit", "slightly", etc, as well.

I started learning Japanese when I started high school because I was interested in Japanese culture, and have been studying it at school ever since. I've fallen in love with the language and plan on continuing to study it after I graduate, until I become fluent. I'm also going to Japan for two weeks in September this year, and I can't wait! I get to stay with a host family for a week, then I'll be travelling around Japan with the others on the trip during the second week. 
Also, instead of "what's the purpose to learn Japanese", "what are your reasons for learning Japanese?" or just "why do you study Japanese?" sound more natural ( ^ω^ )

じゃ、　あなたは？　英語を勉強する理由は何ですか？

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Thank you so much, that really helps! And I will definitely check out your profile :-)

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 ごめんなさいね😅　でも、なるほどです。手伝ってくれてありがとうございました😊

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 "Universally" means "in all cases/situations" or "for everyone" and "conserve" means, in biochemistry (which I assume is the most applicable definition in this case), "retain unchanged in different protein or DNA molecules". I'm not familiar enough with this topic to understand "universally conserved" in this context, though, so I can't explain it. Sorry! Maybe post this as a question so someone more knowledgeable on this subject can give you a better answer.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 "I'm very glad (that) you helped" would be the most natural way of saying it. You could also say "I'm very grateful for your help" :-)

"Applicable" means relevant, appropriate or suitable. 
➡️These precautions are also applicable to driving.
➡️This rule is not applicable to students.
➡️He followed the method that was most applicable to his goal.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Yes, putting "somewhat" at the end of a sentence is natural, though I think it's more common to put it before the verb.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Sorry! I've been quite busy recently because of school so I haven't had time to check HiNative so often :-( As for the question you linked, I had a look and it seems others have already given some pretty good answers, so do you still need my help? If so, I'm happy to try explaining it too (^o^)

Also, just a tip: the phrase "why would you ignore my message" comes across as a bit rude - I'm sure you didn't mean it that way, but using that phrase makes it seem like you're accusing someone of something bad/suggests you're annoyed with them and want to confront them about it. It would be more polite to say something like "Hi, I noticed you haven't replied to my message, so would you mind answering soon?" or "Hi, I was just wondering whether you had seen my message, as you didn't reply. Could you please answer it when you get the chance?"

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 No problem! And thanks for the explanation, 分かりました ( ^ω^ )

今年、十一年生ですよ。日本の高校二年生と同じだと思います。最近、宿題をしたり、作文を書いたり、テストのために勉強したりして忙しいです。試験は六月と十一月にありますからまだ勉強しなくてもいいんです。Also, Australia doesn't really have a 受験 like 大学入試 in Japan. Your entrance into university depends on your ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admissions Rank) which is the percentage of students you performed better than in Year 12. It basically combines your ranking in each of your four best Year 12 subjects into one percentage. Year 12 end-of-year exams also contribute to this ranking along with assignments and other assessments, but you don't have to get full marks to get a high ATAR - it just depends on how many people you did better than. 
You need a pretty high ATAR to study university courses like law and medicine, but other courses don't even require an ATAR at all like at vocational schools.

I think you would express Madeleineに嫌われたんじゃなくってよかった as "I'm glad Madeleine doesn't hate me" maybe? And anyway, don't worry so much about making mistakes with politeness - I understood what you intended to say :-) 多分、英語を話す人に、日本語のpolitenessの方が難しいですね😭

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Thank you! "Good luck" is a fairly casual expression, but it can be used in formal situations too. If you're speaking to someone above you, though, "All the best!" or "I hope it goes well!" are more polite :-)

As for translating the word 頑張って: 英語で、「頑張る」は"do one's best"って言う意味ですけど、ほかの人に話す時、"do your best!"より、"good luck"の方がいいですね。それに、「頑張れ」って言いたかったら、"you can do it!"はいいです。

I'm not sure what I want to study at university yet. I've always wanted to go to art school, but I also enjoy languages and humanities, so I'm also considering studying something like linguistics or Japanese. まだ選びませんでしたよ！

大学で、何を勉強していますか？

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 面白そうですよ！頑張ってね(^o^)

さっき can have many different English translations depending on the context, but in this case "just" would work well. So, you could say "I just ate okonomiyaki" or "I was just eating okonomiyaki earlier". 
Australia doesn't have a distinct cuisine like Japan, so what Australians normally eat is generally pretty similar to people living in the US, UK, etc. Personally, I try to be pretty healthy so I eat lots of fruit and vegetables either by themselves or in different meals/recipes, but diets vary a lot from person to person.

My mum is Australian and my dad is American, so I'm not French even though my name is. Lots of English names are borrowed from other European languages, especially French and Italian, so my name isn't that unique. It's difficult for English speakers too though - people spell/say it wrong all the time😅

Thank you for clarifying! I'll keep that in mind 👍 For those uses of 頑張れ, since they're for future events, "good luck for ~" works best. You would say "you can do it" to encourage someone while they're doing something/about to do something. For example, you might say "you can do it" to cheer someone on while they're playing sport, or right before the match.

And no problem! It's my pleasure :-)

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Hello! (Would I call you Takaya in English? That's the name you use in your self-introduction, but I know Japanese family names and given names are used differently so I don't want to be rude accidentally!)

"I would love to visit Japan" is another way of saying "I want to visit Japan", but it uses the word "would" to imply a condition. The sentence means "I would love to visit Japan (if I was able to)" or "I would love to visit Japan (if I had the chance)".

"I would love to ~" or "I would like ~" are very common in daily conversation. For example, you often use "I would like ~" to order food at a restaurant. It is more polite than "I want ~" because it implies that you want ~ (but only if it's available) or (if it's not too much trouble to prepare).

In English, you would say "your Japanese is of the highest level" - and thank you, but my Japanese really isn't that good yet😅 Your English is excellent!

"All the best" and "keep it up" are similar in terms of formality, but are used in different situations.
"All the best" is a way to wish someone luck for something they're going to do in the future. "Keep it up" is used like "good job" or よくできた as a way of encouraging someone AFTER they've done something good - it has the nuance of telling them to keep doing what they're doing, because they're doing it well.
For example,
➡️Great work in class today, keep it up!
Or, alternatively,
➡️Keep up the great work!
It is usually said by someone above you, ie a teacher, coach, etc.

Finally, yes, I do study Japanese as a subject at school! My high school accepts lots of international students each year from many countries, one of which being Japan, so I do have a few Japanese friends. I'm also still friends with the Japanese student I hosted for two weeks last year, and now you as well! :-D

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Hi, Takaya! In this case, "sorry for the late reply" would be correct.

Other connection words you can use are: also, next, finally/lastly (for the last thing you say), and furthermore/moreover (these are quite formal and usually used in essay writing, etc).

I agree that all of those examples are ways "would" can be translated to Japanese 👍 Also, "helpful for study" does have a similar meaning to 勉強になる, so good job! You could also say "helpful for my studies" or "helpful for my learning" as well.

In English, マデリンの友達の日本人はどんな人かどうか would be translated as "What is your Japanese friend like?" or "What kind of person is your Japanese friend?". 
"What is the Japanese of your friend like?" is more like 友達の日本語はどう？, as if you're asking about how good your friend is at speaking Japanese. 
Anyway, the Japanese student in my class this year is very sweet! Her English is excellent so she talks with us a lot and helps us with our work. She's here as part of a year-long exchange program, so she is staying with a ホストファミリー😊

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Hello, and thank you for reading my messages!

"Are that Japanese also a high school student?" has a couple of grammatical errors - it should be "Is that Japanese person also a high school student?". Asking this isn't rude at all, so there's no need to express it differently :-) Anyway, yes, she is! She is a 高校二年生 so she is taking Year 11 classes at my school. I'm not sure where in Japan she's from though, so I'm not sure if she's from the Kansai area.

Apart from being bogged down with assignments for school, I'm doing good! Thank you for asking. How are you? I heard that schools in Japan have all gone on holiday early due to the corona virus - are you still attending univeristy, or has that closed too? Please stay safe!

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 I'm writing comments to the other questions you posted right now! I don't have any burning questions about Japanese at the moment as all my current assignments are essays for other classes, but when I have some questions about Japanese, I'll be sure to ask you :-)

I only have one class with her so I haven't been able to talk to her very much yet. I think she may have mentioned her 出身地 in her 自己紹介 to our class but I don't remember, sorry!

What do you mean by "would you have many foreigner as a host family member?" If you don't mind, could you reword this question?

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Ohhh, she's not staying with MY family, I meant that she's staying with A host family. That's why I haven't been able to talk to her much - I only see her at school.
My family did host a Japanese student last year, but that was a different student, and only for two weeks. She was from our sister school in 大阪, and she was lovely! I still talk to her often, and I hope I can see her again when I go to Japan.

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Sorry again for not replying!! If you see me on here answering other questions but not yours, it's because I try to wait until I have more time so I can give you good, detailed explanations in answer to your questions. I've been quite busy lately so it slipped my mind to come back to some of our conversations - sorry again!
I will probably have lots more time quite soon, though, as the covid-19 situation has escalated quite a bit in Australia so I'll be self-isolating from next week onwards. Schools haven't closed yet in my state, but holidays are starting a week early and my school supports students choosing to work at home.
Also, I do have Twitter! I've never really used it much, but I would be happy to talk to you on there if you'd like!

madeleinejane · Answer

@iwamoto4477 Of course! What's your Twitter account called? Mine is @starsymphonies (*^o^*)

Hello! : )
I fell a little weid to "subject". in this part "the state of being subject to death".
So could you please change this sentence into other expressions?
And would you use that word in daily life?

https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=mortality+mea...

@iwamoto4477 Thank you for correcting me! I'm glad you can understand the meaning of "subject" now. And of course, we can be friends (^o^) 私はマデリンで、　オーストラリアから来ました。　三年間ぐらい日本語を勉強しています。

@iwamoto4477 Of course! What's your Twitter account called? Mine is @starsymphonies (^o^)

免費向母語者提出問題

Hello! : )I fell a little weid to "subject". in this part "the state of being subject to death".So could you please change this sentence into other expressions?And would you use that word in daily life?https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=mortality+mea... 查看翻譯

@iwamoto4477 Thank you for correcting me! I'm glad you can understand the meaning of "subject" now. And of course, we can be friends (^o^) 私はマデリンで、 オーストラリアから来ました。 三年間ぐらい日本語を勉強しています。

@iwamoto4477 Of course! What's your Twitter account called? Mine is @starsymphonies (*^o^*)

免費向母語者提出問題

Hello! : )
I fell a little weid to "subject". in this part "the state of being subject to death".
So could you please change this sentence into other expressions?
And would you use that word in daily life?

https://www.google.co.jp/search?q=mortality+mea...

@iwamoto4477 Thank you for correcting me! I'm glad you can understand the meaning of "subject" now. And of course, we can be friends (^o^) 私はマデリンで、　オーストラリアから来ました。　三年間ぐらい日本語を勉強しています。　

@iwamoto4477 Of course! What's your Twitter account called? Mine is @starsymphonies (^o^)