Excuse me, are there any differences between 'viewpoint', 'standpoint', 'outlook' and 'perspective'?
I am confused by these words. Can they replace each other?
How to distinguish them?

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They are synonyms. That means they could indeed replace each other. But this will not work in every situation. Here is how they are usually used. But remember they mean similar things.

1.Viewpoint- This can mean how you see something literally, or what your opinion is on something.

"From my viewpoint, I can see all of the buildings." (Here a person is standing literally and seeing something.

"My viewpoint is we need social change." (This person has an opinion or idea about a topic.)

You will mostly see this when talking about art, social things, politics, and other things where people have certain views or opinions. You will also see this equally when someone is telling what they see. (Like a mountain or river.) Viewpoint makes you think of the word 'views'. Compare it to that. Think of how someone can have 'views'. "His world views are different than mine."

2. Standpoint- This means the exact same as a viewpoint, almost. This is more often used when talking about an idea or opinion but could also be used like the viewpoint.

"His standpoint on the idea is to have a discussion". (Another person having an opinion.)

"We can see your house more clear from this standpoint." (A literal, physical view. Different from a mental 'view'.)

You will hear this more when talking about opinions, politics, issues, discussions. Less in the physical way, like seeing a mountain. Standpoint makes you imagine someone standing opposite of a person, just like when people have opposite ideas.

3. Outlook - Outlook describes how you view a situation in your mind. Outlook deals with your emotions too. Someone can have a negative or positive outlook on life.

"My outlook on this marriage is positive." (This person has an outlook that things will work out for them positively.)

"He has a negative outlook on life." (This person is a 'pessimist' and sees things negatively, as if they will always go wrong.)

You will hear this even in business & politics too. It is mostly used to describe a situation. Outlook makes you imagine that someone is looking at a situation that hasn't happened yet. (Like a future marriage lasting.)

5. Perspective- Perspective means how something is seen from a certain angle and how it changes. For example, seeing a tree from the perspective of laying down will make the tree bottom of tree seem thick. The top will seem thin. You can also have a perspective on an issue or most things in life.

"I drew this apple in perspective." (You can draw or design things in perspective. This can change the size of certain parts of the object.)

"From my perspective, they are selfish." (This person is saying how they view someone from their mind or point of view.)

Perspective relates to 'point of view' literal or not. You will hear this a lot in art, design, and engineering. This also is heard in philosophy, and often in day to day life. When you share your perspective, you are sharing how you see the world. (Which is different than everyone else.) Perspective is very common compared to the other words, and you will hear it the most. It can be applied to all situations. When you imagine perspective, imagine someone seeing something differently, wearing shades or goggles. (Goggles for example can change how you see things. This is just like having perspective.)

I hope you understand and this helps!